KAMGAR SWA SADAN COOPERATIVE HOUSING SOCIETY LTD. vs MR. VIJAYKUMAR VITTHALRAO SARVADE

NONREPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CIVIL APPEAL NO. 1222 OF 2022

[arising out of SLP (CIVIL) No. 21964 of 2017]

KAMGAR SWA SADAN COOPERATIVE

HOUSING SOCIETY LTD. … APPELLANT

MR. VIJAYKUMAR VITTHALRAO

SARVADE & ORS. … RESPONDENTS

J U D G M E N T

ABHAY S. OKA, J.

Leave granted.

1. The respondent nos.1 to 11 are the original plaintiffs. The

appellantSociety is the original defendant no.1. The

respondent nos.12 to 25 are the office bearers of the appellantSociety. The respondent nos. 26 to 29 are the

developers/builders. The respondent nos.30 to 38 are officials

and/or the members of the High Power Committee constituted

by the Government of Maharashtra. The last respondent is the

Project Consultant and Architect. It is not in dispute that the

respondent nos.1 to 11 (original plaintiffs) are the members of

the appellant, a Cooperative Society duly registered under the

Maharashtra Cooperative Societies Act, 1960 (for short “the

said Act of 1960). The dispute is about the redevelopment of the

buildings occupied by the members of the appellantSociety in

accordance with Regulation 33(7) of the Development Control

Regulations for Greater Mumbai, 1991 applicable to the

Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai. In the Special

General Body Meeting of the appellantSociety held on 12th

February 2011, a resolution was passed resolving that the

tender submitted by the respondent no.26 for the

redevelopment of the property of the appellantSociety should

be accepted. It is the case of the appellantSociety that the

resolution was unanimously passed.

2. On 2nd December 2012, a Special General Body Meeting of

the appellantSociety was held in which a resolution was

unanimously passed appointing the respondent no.27 as the

developer. The respondent no.27 is stated to be a sister concern

of the respondent no.26. It is alleged that out of 240 members

of the appellantSociety, 165 were present in the meeting. An

agreement for development was accordingly executed on 24th

December 2012 by the appellantSociety. The agreement

provided for allotment of premises in the redeveloped buildings

free of cost on ownership basis to all the eligible members of the

appellantSociety. In addition, the respondent no.27 agreed to

provide a corpus of Rs.5,00,000/ (Rupees Five Lakhs) per

member to the appellantSociety. On 27th December 2012, the

Jurisdictional Assistant Registrar of Cooperative Societies

accorded permission to the appellantSociety to redevelop the

property. On 7th January 2013, the Assistant Registrar granted

further permission to the appellantSociety to redevelop the

property by appointing the respondent no.27 as the developer.

The said permission refers to a report submitted by the

Authorized Officer which recorded that all the 165 members of

the appellantSociety who were present in the meeting held on

nd December 2012 supported the proposal for redevelopment.

3. The respondent nos.2, 3 and 8 along with some other

members of the appellantSociety filed a revision application

under Section 154 of the said Act of 1960 for challenging the

orders/permissions dated 27th December 2012 and 17th

January 2013 issued by the Assistant Registrar of Cooperative

Societies. The revisional authority allowed the revision

application by the order dated 14th May 2013. The order of the

revisional authority was challenged by the appellantSociety by

filing a Writ Petition in the Bombay High Court. By the order

dated 11th December 2013, the Bombay High Court stayed the

order of the revisional authority. The said interim order of

Bombay High Court was challenged by the respondent nos.2, 3

and 8 before this Court. While dismissing the Special Leave

Petition, this Court directed the Bombay High Court to

expeditiously decide the Writ Petition. In the pending Writ

Petition, the respondent no.2 filed an interlocutory application

seeking an interim order of status quo as regards the

redevelopment of the property. The High Court declined to

grant any interim relief on the said application.

4. The respondent nos.1 to 11 filed the suit – subject matter

of this Civil Appeal in the City Civil Court at Mumbai. The suit

was filed on 20th February 2016. The respondent nos.1 to 11

contended in the suit that the resolutions passed in the Special

General Body Meetings dated 12th February 2011 and 2nd

December 2012 were illegal being contrary to provisions of law

and the Guidelines framed by the State Government vide the

Government Resolution dated 3rd January 2009. A prayer was

made for a decree of declaration that the said resolutions were

illegal, null and void. Another prayer was made for a

declaration that the tender process conducted by the appellantSociety for appointing a developer for redeveloping its property

was illegal. A prayer was also made for directing the appellantSociety to conduct a fresh tender process. Interim relief was

claimed in the suit for restraining the concerned defendants

from granting further permissions to the appellantSociety. The

Trial Court did not grant adinterim relief to the respondent

nos.1 to 11.

5. The present appellantSociety and some other defendants

took out a Notice of Motion in the suit contending that the

jurisdiction of the Civil Court was barred in view of Section 91

of the said Act of 1960 and the Cooperative Court will have

exclusive jurisdiction to entertain and decide the dispute in the

suit. It was also alleged that the suit was barred by limitation.

The said respondents invoked Section 9A of the Code of Civil

Procedure, 1908 (for short “CPC”) and prayed that both the

issues be decided as preliminary issues before deciding the

Notice of Motion for temporary injunction. The prayer was

contested by the respondent nos.1 to 11. Two preliminary

issues on jurisdiction and bar of limitation were framed by the

Trial Court. The learned Trial Judge after hearing the parties,

held that the suit was not barred by Section 91 of the said Act

of 1960 and was maintainable in Civil Court. He held that the

suit was within limitation. It is this order which was subjected

to a challenge by filing a Civil revision application by the

appellantSociety. The High Court dismissed the revision

application. Therefore, the present appeal has been filed for

challenging the orders of the Trial Court and High Court.

6. We have heard the learned counsel appearing for the

parties. Mr. Shyam Divan, the learned Senior Counsel

submitted that in view of the repeal of Section 9A of the CPC as

applicable to the State of Maharashtra and a recent decision of

this Court in the case of Nusli Neville Wadia v.

Ivory Properties & Ors.1

, the issue of limitation could not be

decided as a preliminary issue. The learned Senior Counsel

submitted that the finding recorded by the Trial Court on the

issue of limitation will have to be set aside. He submitted that

issue of limitation will have to be decided after the parties

adduce evidence. He would submit that in any case, the

respondent nos.1 to 11 will not be entitled to the benefit of

Section 14 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (for short “the Limitation

Act”). He also invited our attention to additional documents

placed on record along with I.A.No.22493 of 2021 and

1 2020 (6) SCC 557

submitted that the buildings of the appellantSociety are in

extremely dilapidated condition and a notice to that effect has

been served upon the appellantSociety by the Municipal

Corporation of Greater Mumbai. He submitted that except for

the respondent nos.1 to 11, more than 150 members of the

appellantSociety have consented to the redevelopment of the

property by the respondent no.27developer. He submitted that

it is only because of the objection raised by only 11 members

who are the plaintiffs that the entire redevelopment work has

been stalled. The learned counsel appearing for the respondent

no.27 supported the submissions of the learned Senior Counsel

appearing for the appellantSociety. The learned counsel

appearing for the original plaintiffs urged that the findings

recorded by the Trial Court on both the issues are fully justified

as the original plaintiffs will be entitled to benefit of Section 14

of the Limitation Act and the bar of Section 91 of the said Act of

1960 will not be attracted.

7. After the submissions were heard, we called upon the

parties to explore a possibility of an amicable solution

considering the present status of the buildings. We also

permitted the appellantSociety and the respondent no.27 to file

affidavits/undertakings for placing on record their offer to the

respondent nos.1 to 11 and other members of the appellantSociety. The respondent no.27 stated that initially, the offer

was to allot premises admeasuring 429.88 sq. ft. of carpet area

plus 20.12 sq. ft. of service slab to those eligible members of the

appellantSociety who were occupying residential tenements.

The respondent no.27 in view of subsequent enhancement in

Floor Space Index (FSI), offered to allot residential premises

admeasuring 450 sq. ft. of carpet area (excluding the service

slab) to those eligible members who were occupying residential

premises. The respondent no.27 offered premises admeasuring

350 sq. ft. of carpet area to those eligible members of the

appellantSociety who were occupying commercial premises.

The respondent no.27 also offered to pay shifting charges as

well as requisite monthly amounts for acquiring temporary

accommodation on rental basis. The respondent no.27 has also

offered to create a substantial corpus fund for the benefit of the

appellantSociety and its members. The respondent no.27 has

filed affidavits/undertakings on record containing their offer.

Even the appellantSociety has filed an affidavit/undertaking

reiterating the offer made by the respondent no.27. The

submission of the learned counsel appearing for the original

plaintiffs is that the respondent no.27 has no experience of

developing properties in Mumbai. He submitted that

considering the additional FSI which is now made available, the

area offered by the respondent no.27 to the members of the

Society should be much more than what is set out in the

affidavits filed on record. In short, though the plaintiffs are

accepting that redevelopment of buildings of the appellantSociety is necessary, they are not willing to accept the offer

made by the appellantSociety and the respondent no.27. The

respondent no.27 filed an affidavit on 17th January 2021 by

which the area of residential premises offered to the members

was increased to 460 sq. ft. of carpet area.

8. Firstly, we are dealing with the submissions on the merits

of the impugned orders. Section 9A was introduced by the Code

of Civil Procedure (Maharashtra Amendment) Act, 1977 which

provided that if at the hearing of an application for grant of

interim relief in a suit, an objection is raised by a defendant to

the jurisdiction of the Court to entertain the suit, the Court

shall proceed to determine at a hearing of such application, the

issue of jurisdiction as a preliminary issue before granting or

setting aside the order granting interim relief. Under Section 3

of the Code of Civil Procedure (Maharashtra Amendment)

Ordinance, 2018, Section 9A was deleted. But it was provided

that an issue of jurisdiction already framed by invoking Section

9A will be treated as an issue framed under Order XIV of CPC.

The said Ordinance was replaced by an Act. The Act repealing

Section 9A underwent an amendment by the Code of Civil

Procedure (Maharashtra Amendment) (Amendment) Act, 2018

by which Section 3 of the earlier repealing Act was substituted

with effect from 27th June 2018 which provided that if on the

date of deletion of Section 9A, an issue under Section 9A has

already been framed, the same shall be decided as if Section 9A

was not deleted. The amendments referred above clearly

envisage that if the Court had ordered to decide an issue as a

preliminary issue before the date of deletion of Section 9A, the

same shall be decided by the Court as a preliminary issue. In

the present case, the issue was decided prior to 27th June 2018

when Section 9A was repealed.

9. In the case of Nusli Wadia (supra), this Court held that

the expression “jurisdiction of the Court to entertain such suit”

used in Section 9A by holding that under Section 9A, the issue

of jurisdiction to entertain the suit has to be decided without

recording evidence. In paragraphs 49,50,54,56,88 and 89 of

the aforesaid decision, this Court held thus:

“49. Since the expression used in Section 9

A as incorporated in Maharashtra, is

“jurisdiction to entertain” that is in a

narrower sense and its purport cannot be

taken to be comprehensive as laid down

in Foreshore Coop. Housing Society

Ltd. (supra).

50. When we consider what colour

expression “jurisdiction” has in Section 9A,

it is clearly in the context of power to

entertain, jurisdiction takes colour from

accompanying word “entertain” i.e. the court

should have jurisdiction to receive a case for

consideration or to try it. In case there is no

jurisdiction, court has no competence to give

the relief, but if it has, it cannot give such

relief for the reason that claim is timebarred

by limitation or is barred by the principle of

res judicata or by bar created under any

other law for the time being in force. When a

case is barred by res judicata or limitation, it

is not that the court has no power to

entertain it, but it is not possible to grant the

relief. Due to expiry of limitation to file a suit,

extinguishment of right to property is

provided under Section 27 of the Limitation

Act. When court dismisses a suit on the

ground of limitation, right to property is lost,

to hold so the court must have jurisdiction to

entertain it. The court is enjoined with a duty

under Section 3 of the Limitation Act to take

into consideration the bar of limitation by

itself. The expression “bar to file a suit under

any other law for the time being in force”

includes the one created by the Limitation

Act. It cannot be said to be included in the

expression “jurisdiction to entertain” suit

used in Section 9A. The court has to receive

a case for consideration and entertain it, to

look into the facts constituting limitation or

bar created by any other law to give relief, it

has to decide the question on merits; then it

has the power to dismiss the same on the

ground of limitation or such other bar

created by any other law. Thus, the meaning

to be given to jurisdiction to entertain in

Section 9A is a narrow one as to

maintainability, the competence of the court

to receive the suit for adjudication is only

covered under the provisions. The word

“entertain” cannot be said to be the inability

to grant relief on merits, but the same relates

to receiving a suit to initiate the very process

for granting relief.”

(underline supplied)

“54. What is intended by Section 9A of the

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) is the

defect of jurisdiction. It may be inter alia

territorial or concerning the subjectmatter.

The defect of jurisdiction may be due to

provisions of the law. In Raghunath

Das v. Gokal Chand AIR 1958 SC 827, the

execution of award of the decree was

dismissed by the Court on the ground that

decree was a nullity. The Court had no

jurisdiction to pass a decree of the partition

of agricultural land. It held that defect of the

jurisdiction in the court that passed decree

became attached to decree itself as dismissal

of the suit was on account of the defect of

jurisdiction. Thus, in our considered opinion,

it is only the maintainability of the suit before

the court which is covered within the purview

of Section 9A CPC as amended in

Maharashtra.

(underline supplied)

“56. Within the ken of provisions of Section

9A, CPC jurisdiction of the court to entertain

the suit has to be decided without recording

of evidence. Recording of evidence is not

contemplated even at the stage of framing

issue under Order 14 Rule 2 much less it can

be allowed at the stage of grant of injunction,

it would be the grossest misuse of the

provisions of the law to permit the parties to

adduce the evidence, to prove facts with

respect to a preliminary issue of jurisdiction

to entertain a suit. In case it is purely a

question of law, it can be decided within the

purview of Section 9A CPC as applicable in

Maharashtra. The scope of Section 9A is not

broader than Order 14 Rule 2(2) CPC. The

scope is a somewhat limited one. Two fullfledged trials by leading evidence are not

contemplated in CPC, one of the preliminary

issue and another on other issues. Until and

unless the question is purely of law, it cannot

be decided as a preliminary issue. In our

opinion, a mixed question of law and fact

cannot be decided as a preliminary issue,

either under Section 9A or under Order 14

Rule 2 CPC. Before or after its amendment of

CPC concerning both provisions, the position

is the same.”

“88. Given the discussion above, we are of

the considered opinion that the jurisdiction

to entertain has different connotation from

the jurisdictional error committed in exercise

thereof. There is a difference between the

existence of jurisdiction and the exercise of

jurisdiction. The expression “jurisdiction” has

been used in CPC at several places in

different contexts and takes colour from the

context in which it has been used. The

existence of jurisdiction is reflected by the

fact of amenability of the judgment to attack

in the collateral proceedings. If the court has

an inherent lack of jurisdiction, its decision

is open to attack as a nullity. While deciding

the issues of the bar created by the law of

limitation, res judicata, the court must have

jurisdiction to decide these issues. Under the

provisions of Section 9A and Order 14 Rule

2, it is open to decide preliminary issues if it

is purely a question of law not a mixed

question of law and fact by recording

evidence. The decision in Foreshore Coop.

Housing Society Ltd. (supra) cannot be said to

be laying down the law correctly. We have

considered the decisions referred to therein,

they are in different contexts. The decision of

the Full Bench of the High Court of Bombay

in Meher Singh (supra) holding that under

Section 9A the issue to try a

suit/jurisdiction can be decided by recording

evidence if required and by proper

adjudication, is overruled. We hold that the

decision in Kamalakar Eknath

Salunkhe (supra) has been correctly decided

and cannot be said to be per in curiam, as

held in Foreshore Coop. Housing Society

Ltd. (supra).”

(underline supplied)

“89. Section 2 of the Maharashtra Second

Amendment Act, 2018 which provides that

where consideration of preliminary issue

framed under Section 9A is pending on the

date of commencement of the CPC, the said

issue shall be decided and disposed of by the

court under Section 9A as if the provision

under Section 9A has not been deleted, does

not change the legal scenario as to what can

be decided as a preliminary issue under

Section 9A CPC, as applicable in

Maharashtra. The saving created by the

provision of Section 2 where consideration of

preliminary issue framed under Section 9A

is pending on the date of commencement of

the Code of Civil Procedure (Maharashtra

Amendment) Act, 2018, can be decided only

if it comes within the parameters as found by

us on the interpretation of Section 9A. We

reiterate that no issue can be decided only

under the guise of the provision that it has

been framed under Section 9A and was

pending consideration on the date of

commencement of the (Maharashtra

Amendment) Act, 2018. The reference is

answered accordingly.”

10. In the facts of the case, the appellantSociety and certain

other defendants led evidence on the preliminary issue by filing

an affidavit in lieu of examinationinchief of one Mr. Sanjay

Rajaram Mohite. The original defendant nos.16 and 17 were

examined as witnesses. Thus, in this case, for deciding the

issue of limitation evidence was required to be recorded.

Hence, it was not open for the Trial Court to examine and

decide the issue of the bar of limitation by invoking Section 9A

of CPC.

11. By filing the present suit in February 2016, the original

plaintiffs have questioned the resolutions dated 12th February

2011 and 2nd December 2012 passed in Special General

Meetings of the appellantSociety. The plaintiffs also challenged

the tender process conducted by the appellantSociety way

back in the year 2011. The plaintiffs were aware of both the

resolutions at all relevant times as some of them were present

in the meetings. Some of them filed aforesaid revision

application in the year 2013 for challenging the permissions

granted on the basis of the said resolutions. The revision

application preferred by the respondent nos.2, 3 and 8 was

allowed on 14th May 2013. The said order was stayed by the

High Court on 11th December 2013. The Special Leave Petition

preferred by the respondent nos.2, 3 and 8 against the order of

stay was dismissed by this Court on 7th March 2014.

12. The respondent nos.1 to 11 waited till February 2016 to

file the suit. The said respondents relied upon Section 14 of the

Limitation Act to bring their suit within limitation. From the

bare facts pleaded in the plaint, prima facie, there is a serious

doubt whether the benefit of Section 14 can be granted to the

respondent nos.1 to 11. However, the issue can be finally

decided based on the evidence adduced by the parties.

13. Thus, in normal course, by setting aside findings of the

Trial Court and the High Court on the issue of limitation, this

Court would have directed the Trial Court to decide the issue of

limitation along with the other issues. The learned Senior

Counsel appearing for the appellantSociety has fairly stated

that this Court need not go into the question of maintainability

of the suit.

14. Now, we will deal with the offer made by the appellantSociety as well as by the respondent no.27 and the response of

the respondent nos.1 to 11 to the said offer. Mr. Shripal

Babulal Jain, the managing partner of the respondent no.27

has filed an affidavit/undertaking on 17th January 2021.

Paragraphs 4 to 10 of the said affidavit reads thus:

“4. The correct facts in this regard as under:

i) FSI as per Old policy (DCR – 1991) u/s

33(7) + 33(24): FSI.

ii) FSI as per New Policy (DCPR 2034)

u/s 33(7) with 80% incentive on rehab

area: 4.31 FSI.

Here it may also be noted that:

Incentive FSI as per old Policy (DCR1991) was 50% u/s 33(7) plus u/s

33(24) parking FSI by providing public

parking which would be roughly 25% of

the Rehab builtup area. Thus, total

incentive on rehab area would be

around 75%.

Incentive FSI as per New Policy (DCPR

2034) u/s 33(7) is 80% however

parking FSI would not be available as it

is restricted upto 4 FSI.

A copy of the Architect certificate is

annexed hereto and marked as

Annexure A/1 (Page no.9 to ). A copy of

the relevant portion of DCR 1991 is

annexed hereto and marked as

AnnexureA/2 (Page No.10 to 13). A

copy of the relevant portion of DPCR

2034 is annexed hereto and marked as

AnnexureA/3 (page no.14 to 20). A

copy of the relevant portion of policy

and circular dated 8.7.2021 is annexed

hereto and marked as AnnexureA/4

(Page No.21 to 31).

5. The size of new premises: (Residential)

Existing Area occupied by members:

115 to 180 sq. ft.

Eligible as per Old Policy (DCR 1991):

405 sq. ft. carpet area

Offered earlier: 429.88 sq.ft

Eligible as per new policy (DCPR 2034):

425.25 sq. ft. carpet area.

Revised offer by Development: 450 sq.ft.

6. I would also like to point out the following

further facts and additional burden to be

borne by the developer :

i) The construction cost has increased

upto approx. 50% as compared to in the

year 2013 when the development

agreement was undertaken.

ii) Rs.10.60 crores approx. additional cost

towards the addl. 20.12 sq.ft. carpet

area to 225 Residential members. Total

4527 sq.ft. and construction cost at

Rs.23450/ per sq.mt. (cost with all

premiums). Additional premium on

additional construction is required to be

paid to Municipal Corporation MCGM.

iii) Rs.15 crores appx. towards GST

charges on construction cost which

cannot be adjusted against sales

revenue. (As from 1st April 2019 Input

Tax Credit is not allowed for Developers)

GST is also addl. burden as this was

not contemplated in the year 2013.

iv) There is 450.59 sq.mts. set back on plot

and thus only 3142.41 sq.mts. area

remains resulting into planning

constraints and high density on plot for

rehab and sale area leading to

increasing in height of rehab building

and thereby construction cost.

v) It also requires to be noted that

Developer has also to bear the following

additional costs over and above the

rehab unit cost:

a) Each member is being paid Rs.5 lakh

over and above the rehabilitation

unit, out of which Rs.1.25 lakh is

already paid in 2013.

(Total corpus fund Rs.12.30 crores of

which Total of Rs.3.07 crores is

already paid)

b) 2000 sq.ft. fitness centre and

gymnasium furnished with fitness

equipment’s is to be provided by the

developer to the Society.

c) 215 sq.ft. carpet area of Air

conditioned Society office, is to be

provided.

d) Security cabin and common toilets

are also to be provided.

e) 3 flats of 450 sq.ft. carpet area as

against 3 rooms of Society and

godown of equivalent carpet area in

lieu of existing godown.

f) A deity place in new rehabilitation

building.

vi) An amount of approximately Rs.20

crores is already invested by the firm

since 2013, resulting into cost of

investment and interest costs.

vii) As against which the Society is enjoying

the fixed deposit of amounts

paid/deposited and interest therein

since 2013.

viii) It is also required to be considered that

the rehabilitation building is to be

constructed in the front side facing the

Mahadeo Palav Marg on North side and

the sale component building on the rear

side on south side.

ix) The interest of the Society is also well

protected, as Developer has already

provided a Security deposit of Rs.5

crores at the time of tender. And as per

New DCPR 2034 vide circular dated

05.03.2021 of Maharashtra

Government, a Developer is bound to

give Security Deposit / Bank Guarantee

of 10% of Rehab Construction cost i.e.

approx.12,282 sq. mtr. x 30,250

construction cost as per Ready Recknor

of Mumbai for 202122 total of

Rs.37,20,00,000/ x 10% i.e.

Rs.3,72,00,000/.

7. I say that as per the revised proposal as

stated in Undertaking dated 7.1.2022,

the occupiers are already getting more

area than what is agreed in the

development agreement and also more

than what they are eligible as per the

new Policy of DCPR 2034.

8. I say that as per the calculations and

deliberations undertaken by the

partners of the firm, if the area of the

rehab unit is increased from the revised

proposal of 450 sq.ft. carpet area to

residential members and 300 sq.ft.

carpet area to nonresidential members,

as stated in the Undertaking dated: 7th

January 2022, the project would not be

financially feasible.

9. I say that as per Affidavit dated

7.1.2022 filed on behalf of the Society

more than 60% members having already

given the consent for new proposal of

the Developer. The objections by

Vijaykumar VitthalRao Sarvade and

other 11 members is not bonafide.

10. I state that MHADA has also

issued NOC to respondent no.27 on

3.11.2021. A copy of the NOC issued by

MHADA to Res.27 is annexed hereto

and marked as Annexure – A/5 (Page

No.32 to 38).”

15. Mr. Sanjay Rajaram Mohite, Chairman of the appellantSociety on behalf of appellantSociety has also filed an

affidavit/undertaking annexing thereto a copy of the revised

proposal dated 9th December 2021 submitted by the respondent

no.27. He has stated that the said revised proposal was

forwarded to the members of the appellantSociety and 153

occupiers/members out of total 240 occupiers/members have

already consented to the said proposal in writing. He has given

undertaking on behalf of the Society that the revised proposal

will remain binding on the appellantSociety. He has reiterated

that the buildings of the Society are in very dangerous

condition and may collapse any time. Undertaking of Mr.

Shripal Babulal Jain, the managing partner of respondent

no.27 in terms of what is stated in the affidavit referred above,

is also placed on record along with IA no.4249 of 2022.

16. In the undertaking of the respondent no.27 given to this

Court, the details of the amenities and other benefits agreed to

be extended to the eligible members of the appellantSociety

have been specifically set out:

“2. The main points of the proposals given by

the deponent – Respondent No. 27 (Developer)

are as under:

i) The size of new premises:

A. Residential premises;

As per old policy of DCR 1991, Developer was

bound to provide 300 sq.ft. plus 35%

fungible area i.e. 405 sq.ft. carpet area to

each residential eligible member.

Under the Development Agreement executed

with Society, the Respondent no.27

(Developer) has agreed to provide 429.88

sq.ft. carpet area plus 20.12 sq.ft as service

slab to each Residential member of the

Society.

In comparison to above two, as Developer, we

have now proposed to provide 450 sq.ft.

carpet area excluding service slab, to all

existing eligible Members/Occupants of

residential premises, against their existing

carpet area of approx. 115 sq.ft. to 180 sq.ft.

B. Nonresidential premises:

So far as NonResidential users are

concerned, as per DCPR 2034 they are

eligible for the same carpet area which is

occupied by them. However, we propose to

provide them 300 sq.ft. carpet area against

their existing occupation of 242.08 sq.ft. of

carpet area.

A table showing the existing area occupied by

the Respondent Nos.: 1 to 11 – Original

Plaintiffs and the proposed area to be given

against the same is forming part of the

proposal dated : 9.12.2021 as AnnexureV.

ii) Transit Rent/Shifting/Brokerage for

Temporary alternate accommodation:

A. For residential members:

 It is proposed to give transit rent of

Rs.15,000/ per month for first two years

of alternative accommodation and

thereafter Rs.16,500/ per month with

increase therein at 10% every year till

possession of permanent alternate rehab

residential premises is offered.

 It is proposed to give one time shifting

charges of Rs. 10,000/ for to and fro.

 It is proposed to give Rs. 30,000/ towards

brokerage.

B. Transit Rent/Shifting/Brokerage for

Temporary alternate accommodation for

Nonresidential – Commercial use

members.

 It is proposed to give Transit Rent of

Rs.25,000/ per month with increase

therein at 10% every year till the

possession of permanent alternate rehab

shop is offered.

 It is proposed to give one time shifting

charges of Rs. 10,000/ for to and fro.

 It is proposed to give Rs.50,000/ towards

brokerage.

iii) Period for completion of

redevelopment project:

It is proposed to complete the redevelopment

project in stipulated time of five years as per

MHADA circular dated 5.11.2020. The said

period of five years shall commence from the

date on which the vacant possession of entire

property is made available to the developer,

so as to enable starting of actual

redevelopment on site. Further, the time

period as regards obtaining of necessary

permissions, and/or stay from any Court,

Tribunal or Authority and/or any natural

calamity and/or Force Majeure events,

and/or things beyond control of the

Developer shall stand excluded.

iv) Corpus Fund :

(All members Residential/Non residential):

The society being owner of property, we

propose to provide Rs.5,00,000 (Rupees Five

Lakhs) for each member i.e., total

Rs.12,30,00,000/ (Rupees Twelve Crores

Thirty Lakhs) to the Society as Corpus Fund.

Against that we have already paid

Rs.3,07,50,000 (Rupees Three Crore Seven

Lakhs Fifty Thousand) to the Society, being

Rs.1,25,000/ (One Lakh TwentyFive

Thousand) for each member of Society, in

2013 on execution of Development agreement

and the balance we have to pay later.

v) Performance guarantee/Security

Deposit/Bank Guarantee:

As per New DCPR 2034 vide circular dated

05.03.2021 of Maharashtra Government, a

Developer is bound to give Security

Deposit/Bank Guarantee of 10% of Rehab

Construction cost i.e., approx. 12,282 sq.mtr.

x 30,250 construction cost as per Ready

Recknor of Mumbai for 202122 total of

Rs.37,20,00,000/ x 10% i.e. Rs.

3,72,00,000/. We have already paid

Rs.5,00,00,000/ (Rupees Five Crores) as an

additional security deposit to Society in 2013

on execution of Development agreement.

vi) Project Management Consultant

We propose to give Rs.3,00,00,000/ (Rupees

Three Crores) to society, out of which

Rs.1,50,00,000/ (Rupees One Crore Fifty

Lakhs) we have already paid to the Society in

2013 and the balance we have to pay later.

vii) Parking and height of premises

We will fulfill all compliance of New DCPR

2034 and as per planning constraint.”

17. The learned Senior Counsel for the appellantSociety has

submitted that all the pending proceedings should be disposed

of so that the work of development can progress. The

respondent no.27 has stated that the work of development will

be completed as per the noobjection certificate issued by

Mumbai Building Repairs and Reconstruction Board on 3rd

November 2021.

18. After perusing the affidavits and undertakings, this Court

suggested to the respondent no.27 whether the area of the

premises admeasuring 450 sq.ft. (carpet) offered to the

members occupying residential premises and the area of

premises admeasuring 300 sq.ft. (carpet) offered to the

members in possession of nonresidential premises can be

increased. In response to that, an affidavit has been filed by

the respondent no.27 stating that instead of premises

admeasuring 450 sq.ft (carpet area), premises having an area of

460 sq.ft. (carpet area) can be offered to those eligible members

who are occupying residential tenements. A copy of the

certificate issued by the Architect of the appellantSociety

recording that now FSI has been increased from 4.00 to 4.31

has been placed on record. Thus, respondent no.27 has given a

revised offer to allot residential premises admeasuring 460

sq.ft. of carpet area though as per old and new policy, the

entitlement of those who are holding residential premises was

to an area of 405 sq.ft and 425.25 sq.ft respectively.

19. The proposal of the respondent no.27 takes care of

payment of reasonable monthly rent to the members for

acquiring temporary alternate accommodation. It also provides

for payment of a reasonable amount towards brokerage which

is required to be paid for acquiring such accommodation. A

provision has been made to pay a sum of Rs.10,000/ as onetime shifting charges to each member. The respondent no.27

has agreed to create a corpus fund for the benefit of the

appellantSociety by contributing Rs.5,00,000/ (Rupees Five

Lakhs) per member. Out of the total corpus fund of

Rs.12,30,00,000/ (Rupees Twelve crores thirty lakhs) agreed to

be created, the respondent no.27 has already paid a sum

Rs.3,07,50,000/ (Rupees Three Crore Seven Lakhs Fifty

Thousand) to the appellantSociety. Apart from the above

provisions, a performance guarantee has been given by the

respondent no.27.

20. According to us, adequate safeguards have been provided

to the members of the appellantSociety in the affidavit and

undertaking filed by the respondent no.27. In addition, the

appellantSociety has undertaken to abide by the terms and

conditions proposed by the respondent no.27. Moreover, a

direction can be issued to the appellantSociety to incorporate

the same terms and conditions as agreed by the respondent

no.27 in the event the appellantSociety is required to engage

another developer in place of the respondent no.27.

21. The response of the respondent nos.1 to 11 to the aforesaid

proposal is twofold. Firstly, the stand is that considering the

recent enhancement in FSI, the area offered should be more.

Secondly, the development work should be entrusted to another

builder as the respondent no.27 does not have adequate

experience. In the plaint, one of the prayers is that the

appellantSociety should be directed to conduct a fresh tender

process for appointing a developer.

22. As noted earlier, this Court would have normally sent back

the matter to the Trial Court to decide the issue of limitation.

However, we cannot ignore the serious situation created as a

result of the pendency of various proceedings from the year

2013. Photographs produced along with IA no.11896 of 2018

show the very poor condition of the buildings of the Society. As

stated in I.A. No.22493 of 2021 filed by the appellantSociety,

236 members of the appellantSociety are occupying structures

in buildings that are in dilapidated condition. Apart from

photographs of the structures annexed to the said application,

a copy of the notice dated 12th July 2019 issued by the

Municipal Corporation to the appellantSociety has been

annexed. The notice refers to the structural audit carried out

by the Corporation in the year 20152016 which showed that

the buildings were falling in the C2A category meaning thereby

that the buildings are required to be vacated for carrying out

immediate major repairs. The notice records that there must

be further deterioration of the structures as repairs were not

carried out. Therefore, the Municipal Corporation called upon

the appellantSociety to get a structural audit of the buildings

done within two months. The Society was also called upon to

submit undertakings of the occupants that they will continue to

stay in the buildings at their own risk knowing fully well the

probable danger of collapse. It is apparent that the buildings

are in a dilapidated condition and the members of the

appellantSociety are risking their own lives by occupying the

same. Looking to the manner in which proceedings are being

contested, the suit may not be disposed of in near future.

Moreover, there are bound to be further appeals. In the

meanwhile, if something goes wrong with the buildings, a large

number of families of the members will be on the streets. Going

by the prayers in the plaint, even the respondent nos.1 to 11

the plaintiffs want redevelopment of the property, but on their

own terms and through another developer. Moreover, a large

majority of members of the appellantSociety have accepted the

proposal to appoint the respondent no.27 as the developer.

They have also accepted the proposal submitted by the

respondent no.27 to this Court.

23. Though a decision to redevelop the buildings was taken

way back in the year 2011 by the appellantSociety and though

an agreement was executed on 27th December 2012 appointing

a developer, no progress has been made in the development

work as a handful of members of the appellantSociety out of

236 members are opposing the project of development

undertaken through the respondent no.27. The suit filed by

the respondent nos.1 to 11 of 2016 is not likely to be disposed

of in near future. The issues in the suit including the issue of

limitation will have to be decided after parties are allowed to

adduce evidence. The enormous delay in disposal of the suit

and appeals arising therefrom will cause prejudice and harm to

the members of the appellantSociety as they will have to

continue to stay in tenements in the buildings which are in very

bad shape. This is not a usual dispute where the members are

not ad idem on the issue of redevelopment. In this case,

practically all the members of the appellantSociety want

redevelopment by demolishing old buildings. Here is a case

where a large number of members of the appellantSociety

continue to occupy dilapidated buildings by risking their lives.

Their families are being exposed to imminent danger. Therefore,

this Court cannot countenance a situation that will delay the

development work for an inordinately long time due to the

objection by a handful of members. The majority of members

are supporting the redevelopment by the respondent no.27 on

the terms offered by the said respondent. Therefore, in view of

the peculiar facts of the case and for protecting families of more

than 200 members of the appellantSociety, we are satisfied

that this is a fit case to exercise the plenary jurisdiction of this

Court under Article 142 of the Constitution of India to do

complete justice between the parties by giving quietus to the

pending disputes. It is in the larger interests of more than 200

members of the appellantSociety including the respondent

nos.1 to 11 that the disputes are put to an end and the work of

redevelopment starts at the earliest.

24. To give finality and quietus to the controversy in the larger

interests of members of the appellantSociety, considering the

objection of the respondent nos.1 to 11 to the area offered by

the respondent no.27, we propose to direct the respondent

no.27 to provide residential tenements having a carpet area of

475 sq. ft. (exclusive of service slab) to the eligible members

occupying residential premises. The respondent no.27 has

already agreed to increase the area from 450 sq.ft to 460 sq.ft.

In our view, this marginal increase in the area of the premises

to be allotted to members having residential tenements is

necessary as FSI has been substantially increased.

25. The undertakings of the respondent no.27 sufficiently take

care of the apprehensions expressed by the respondent nos.1

to 11. The respondent no.27 has agreed to complete the project

within five years from the date on which it receives possession

of the buildings proposed to be redeveloped. To secure the

interest of the members, the respondent no.27 can be directed

to pay a transit rent for the period of five years in advance to all

the members at the time of entering into individual agreements

with all the members. The requirement of executing such

individual agreements with members has been noted in the

resolution dated 2nd December 2012 passed in the Special

General Meeting of the appellantSociety. Time of two months

can be granted to the members to vacate their respective

tenements and hand over possession thereof the appellantSociety from the date on which they receive transit rent for five

years as well as shifting and brokerage charges as provided in

the undertaking of the respondent no.27. Moreover, the

appellantSociety be directed to ensure that the successor of

the respondent no.27 shall be bound by all the undertakings,

in the event, the appellantSociety is required to replace the

developers.

26. Unless all the pending cases are disposed of, quietus

cannot be given to the dispute. Hence, by exercising the powers

under Article 142 of the Constitution of India, the suit filed by

the respondent nos.1 to 11 will have to be disposed of and the

criminal complaint filed by them needs to be quashed. The

respondent nos.30 to 38 are various authorities/officers. In

view of this Order, they shall not entertain any complaints

made by the respondent nos.1 to 11 in connection with the

redevelopment project. In the event, the respondent no.27 or

the appellantSociety commit any breach of the undertakings

given to this Court or any breach of directions of this Court, the

respondent nos.1 to 11 can always move the Court for

appropriate relief for enforcement of the undertakings and

directions issued by this Court. If the respondent nos.1 to 11

commit any breach of the directions contained in this Order,

the appellant and/or the respondent no.27 can adopt

appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the directions.

27. We, therefore, dispose of this appeal by passing the

following order:

(i) We take on record the undertakings of the

respondent no.27 given through Mr. Shripal Babulal

Jain, its managing partner which is of 7th January

2021 as well as the assurances contained in his

affidavit dated 17th January 2021 and Undertaking of

the appellantSociety in affidavit dated 7th January

2022 of Mr. Sanjay Rajaram Mohite;

(ii) The undertakings of the appellantSociety and the

respondent no.27 are taken on record as aforesaid

with a modification that the area of residential

premises to be provided to all eligible members of the

appellantSociety occupying residential premises

shall be 475 sq.ft. of carpet area (exclusive of service

slab);

(iii) In the event, the appellantSociety is required to

replace the present developer, while entering into a

development agreement with the new developer, a

clause shall be added therein incorporating an

undertaking of the new developer that he shall abide

by the directions contained in this Order.

(iv) The respondent no.27 shall offer transit rent for the

period of five years, shifting charges and brokerage

as mentioned in paragraph 2(ii) (A and B) of its

undertaking quoted in paragraph 16 above to all the

eligible members within maximum period of two

months from today. At the time of payment of the

said amounts to the members, the respondent no.27

and the appellantSociety shall enter into agreements

with individual members for allotment of premises in

the new buildings free of cost. Within a maximum

period of two months from the receipt of the

aforesaid amounts, the respondent nos.1 to 11 shall

hand over the vacant possession of the premises in

their respective possession to the appellantSociety

and/or the respondent no.27;

(v) The entire project shall be completed by the

respondent no.27 as expeditiously as possible. The

outer limit for completion of the project shall be five

years from the date on which the respondent no.27 is

placed in possession of all the tenements in the

buildings proposed to be demolished. The possession

of the premises in reconstructed building shall be

handed over to the eligible members within the said

outer limit of five years;

(vi) Long Cause Suit no.575 of 2016 filed by the

respondent nos.1 to 11 in the City Civil Court at

Mumbai shall stand disposed of in view of this Order;

(vii) Complaint No.1501270/Misc./2017 filed by the

respondent nos.1 to 11 pending before the Court of

the learned 15th Metropolitan Magistrate, Mazgaon,

Mumbai shall stand quashed;

(viii) If the appellantSociety or the respondent no.27 or

directions issued by this Order or undertakings given

by them, the respondent nos.1 to 11 are free to

initiate appropriate proceedings in accordance with

law for enforcing the directions issued by this Court

including the undertakings. Similarly, on the failure

of the respondent nos.1 to 11 or any of them to abide

by the directions issued in terms of this Order, the

appellantSociety and/or the respondent no.27 are

free to initiate appropriate proceedings in accordance

with law.

28. The Civil Appeal stand disposed of with the above

directions. All the pending applications, if any, also stand

disposed of.

…………..…………………J

(AJAY RASTOGI)

…………..…………………J

(ABHAY S. OKA)

New Delhi;

February 08, 2022.

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KAMGAR SWA SADAN COOPERATIVE HOUSING SOCIETY LTD. vs MR. VIJAYKUMAR VITTHALRAO SARVADE

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