R.K. Jibanlata Devi Versus High Court of Manipur through its Registrar General and others

R.K. Jibanlata Devi Versus High Court of Manipur through its Registrar General and others  

Landmark Cases of India / सुप्रीम कोर्ट के ऐतिहासिक फैसले

REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION

WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 1209 OF 2021

R.K. Jibanlata Devi …Petitioner

Versus

High Court of Manipur through its Registrar

General and others …Respondents

J U D G M E N T

M.R. SHAH, J.

1. By way of this petition preferred under Article 32 of the Constitution

of India, the petitioner has prayed for an appropriate relief, direction or

order to set aside the Departmental Promotion Committee (for short,

‘DPC’) dated 9.4.2021 denying her promotion to the post of Assistant

Registrar and to direct respondent Nos. 1 & 2 herein to hold a fresh

DPC.

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2. The facts leading to the present writ petition in a nutshell are as

under:

The petitioner initially joined her services as Lower Division

Assistant in the establishment of the Gauhati High Court in the year

1991. Thereafter, she was promoted to the post of Upper Division

Assistant in the year 1993. That thereafter she was promoted to the

post of Superintendent in the Gauhati High Court on 5.1.2012. That in

the year 2013, the High Court of Manipur came to be established as it

was separated from the Gauhati High Court. At the relevant time and till

the High Court of Manipur Officers and Employees Recruitment and

Conditions of Service (Classification, Control, Appeal and Conduct)

Rules, 2020 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Rules 2020’) came to be

framed, the Manipur High Court was enforcing the Gauhati High Court

Service Rules, 1967 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Rules 1967’).

2.1 The next promotion from the post of Superintendent was to the

post of Assistant Registrar. One post of Assistant Registrar fell vacant

on 1.2.2019. As on August, 2020, four posts of Assistant Registrars

were available. Therefore, according to the writ petitioner, as after the

establishment of separate High Court of Manipur in the year 2013, the

rules for appointment and other service conditions of the staff were

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governed by the Rules, 1967 and the post of Assistant Registrar was to

be filled by way of seniority-cum-merit and the petitioner being

seniormost amongst the Superintendents, she was entitled to the

promotion to the said post of Assistant Registrar. Thereafter, the High

Court of Manipur framed its own Rules, 2020. However, the DPC was

held on 9.4.2021 for promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar (six

posts) including one vacant post of the year 2019 and the remaining

posts which occurred in the month of August, 2020. As per the Rules,

2020, last four years ACRs were required to be considered and

accordingly DPC considered the ACRs from 2016 onwards till the date of

DPC held on 9.4.2021.

2.2 The DPC did not recommend the name of the petitioner and

promoted other persons – private respondents herein and hence

aggrieved by the denial of promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar,

the petitioner has preferred the present petition under Article 32 of the

Constitution of India.

At this stage, it is required to be noted that the petitioner has filed

the writ petition before this Court in the peculiar facts and circumstances

of the case and on the rule of necessity as there were three Hon’ble

Judges in the Manipur High Court including the Chief Justice, out of

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which two were the members of the DPC and the ACRs were considered

by the Chief Justice and therefore the present writ petition before this

Court.

3. Shri R. Bala Subramanian, learned Senior Advocate appearing on

behalf of the petitioner has made the following submissions:

(i) That as the post of Assistant Registrar fell vacant on 1.2.2019 and

in the month of August, 2020 (4 posts) and the Rules, 2020 came into

force in the month of December, 2020 and prior thereto the Rules,

1967 were applicable, the Rules 1967 prevalent at the relevant time

when the posts remained vacant were required to be applied;

(ii) That under the Rules, 1967 which were prevalent at the relevant

time, the promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar was on the basis

of the seniority-cum-merit and the petitioner being the seniormost in

the cadre of Superintendent ought to have been promoted to the post

of Assistant Registrar;

(iii) That as per the Rules, 1967, last five years ACRs were required to

be considered for promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar against

which while applying the Rules 2020, last four years ACRs have been

considered;

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(iv) That as per the DPC Guidelines, the year wise vacancy was

required to be considered and therefore as the post of Assistant

Registrar fell vacant on 1.2.2019, considering the vacancy of that year

the DPC ought to have been held for promotion to the post of

Assistant Registrar in the year 2019 itself and in any case as and

when the DPC met, the Rules, 1967 ought to have been applied

considering the fact that one post of Assistant Registrar fell vacant on

1.2.2019;

(v) That under the Rules, 2020, more candidates become eligible

which adversely affected the promotion of the petitioner as she was

required to compete with more persons on applying Rules, 2020;

(vi) That the ACR for the year 2016-17 having “Good” grading was not

communicated to the petitioner and therefore the same ought not to

have been considered by the DPC;

(vii) That the ACR for the year 2019-2020 having “Good” grading

was communicated to the petitioner on 8.4.2021 granting 15 days’

time to the petitioner to make representation against the said ACR and

before even completion of the 15 days’ time, the DPC met on 9.4.2021

itself and considered the ACR for the year 2019-2020 having “Good”

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grading and accordingly considered the case of the petitioner for

promotion.

3.1 Relying upon the decisions of this Court in the case of Sukhdev

Singh v. Union of India and Others, reported in (2013) 9 SCC 566;

Prabhu Dayal Khandelwal v. Chairman, UPSC, reported in (2015) 14

SCC 427 (Paragraphs 7 to 9) and Rukhsana Shaheen Khan v. Union

of India and others, reported in (2018) 18 SCC 640, it is submitted that

the DPC had materially erred in taking into consideration the ACR for the

year 2016-17 (uncommunicated ACR) and also the ACR for the year

2019-2020 which was communicated to the petitioner only on 8.4.2021.

It is submitted that if the ACRs for the years 2016-17 and 2019-20 both

having “Good” grading are excluded, in that case for rest of the years,

the petitioner was having grading “Very Good” and therefore the

petitioner would have got the promotion accordingly.

3.2 Making above submissions and relying upon the aforesaid

decisions, it is prayed to direct the DPC/High Court to ignore the

uncommunicated ACR for the year 2016-17 and also the ACR for the

year 2019-20, both having “Good” grading and to consider the case of

the petitioner for promotion taking into consideration the remaining

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ACRs, namely, ACRs for the years 2017-18 and 2018-19 in which the

petitioner was having “Very Good” grading.

4. While opposing the present appeal, Shri Maibam

Nabaghanashyam Singh, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the

High Court has submitted that the petitioner received “Very Good”

gradings only in her ACRs for the year 2017 to 2019 and her ACR

gradings were “Good” for the years 2015 and 2016.

4.1 It is submitted that the gradings in the ACRs for the years 2017,

2018, 2019 and 2020 were communicated to the petitioner and others

on 08.04.2021, one day before the impugned Departmental Promotion

Committee proceedings. It is submitted that this did not deprive the

petitioner and/or any other candidate for submitting their representations,

if any, with regard to the said gradings within 15 days from the date of

receipt of such communication. It is submitted that in fact other

candidates submitted their representations on the very next date i.e.

09.04.2021 and the petitioner did not submit any representation which

she could have submitted like other employees/candidates. It is

submitted that as such in the present case the promotion orders in

favour of the meritorious candidates were issued only on 28.04.2021,

which accounted for the time period during which the petitioner or any

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other candidate, having a grievance with respect to the gradings could

have submitted their representations.

4.2 It is submitted that as such the interviews for the post of Assistant

Registrars were conducted by two Hon’ble Judges of the High Court on

09.04.2021. The gradings in the ACRs and information with regard to

such gradings was not provided or made available to the Hon’ble Judges

conducting the interviews. It is submitted that as such the viva voce of

the petitioner and all other eligible candidates were not influenced and

were independent of the gradings in the ACRs of the eligible candidates.

4.3 Now so far as the submission on behalf of the petitioner that as the

vacancy arose on 29.01.2019 the said post ought to have been filled in

by promotion immediately, occurring the vacancy and that as the post fall

vacant in the month of August 2020 and therefore the relevant rules –

High Court Rules ought to have been made applicable. It is submitted

that it is ultimately for the employer/High Court to fill up the post by

promotion.

4.4 Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the High Court as well as

Shri Jaideep Gupta, learned Sr. Advocate appearing on behalf of the

promoted candidates relying upon the decision of this Court in the case

of State of Himachal Pradesh vs. Raj Kumar, 2022 SCC OnLine SC

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680 has vehemently submitted that as observed and held by this Court

there is no rule of universal application that vacancies must necessarily

be filled on the basis of rules which existed on the date when they arose.

4.4 Making the above submissions and relying upon above decisions,

it is prayed to dismiss the present petition.

5. We have heard learned counsel for the respective parties at

length.

6. In the present case the dispute is with respect to the post of

Assistant Registrar in the High Court of Manipur. Prior to the Rules

2020, the promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar was governed by

the Gauhati High Court Service Rules, 1967. However, the Manipur

High Court framed its own rules namely Rules, 2020. The DPC met to

fill up the post of Assistant Registrar on 09.04.2021. Therefore, as such

the Rules, 2020 which were prevailing at the time when the DPC met

were rightly considered.

6.1 As per the 'Scheme of Examination' for promotion/appointment to

the posts of Assistant Registrar under Schedule III of the Rules, 2020

under Serial No. 12 which governs the "Assessment for Promotion to

Superintendent/Equivalent and above" the Departmental Promotion

proceedings were required to be conducted. As per the said Rule at

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Serial No. 12, contained in Schedule III of the Rules, 2020, the

assessment for promotion to the post of Superintendent/Equivalent and

above was to be made as under:

"12. Assessment for Promotion to Superintendent/Equivalent and its

above:

(i) ACR Weightage : 80 marks

(ii) Viva Voce/ Interview : 20 marks (to assess the

suitability and compatibility of the candidate to the said post)”

6.2 As per Sl. No.13 of Schedule III, only when the merit of the

candidates is the same, promotion shall be given on the basis of

seniority.

6.3 It is not in dispute and cannot be disputed that for the post of

promotion to the Assistant Registrar the ACRs of preceding four years

from the date of DPC were required to be taken into consideration.

Therefore, in the present case the ACRs for the period between 2016-

2017 to 2019-2020 were required to be taken into consideration and in

fact taken into consideration. As observed hereinabove out of 100

marks ACR weightage was of 80 marks.

6.4 In the present case the petitioner got “Good” gradings for the year

2016-17 and received “Very Good” gradings in her ACRs for the years

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2017-18 and 2018-2019. It was the specific case on behalf of the

petitioner which has not been denied that the ACRs grading of “Good”

for the year 2016-17 was never communicated to the petitioner even till

the DPC met. Therefore, as per the law laid down by this Court in

catena of decisions more particularly, as observed and held by this Court

in Rukhsana Shaheen Khan (supra); Sukhdev Singh (supra) and

Dev Dutt vs. Union of India and Ors, (2008) 8 SCC 725

uncommunicated adverse ACRs may be even with “Good” entry which

can be said to be adverse in the context of eligibility for promotion is not

to be relied upon for consideration of promotion.

Therefore, uncommunicated ACR for the year 2016-17 having the

grading “Good” could not have been relied upon for consideration for

promotion.

6.5 Similarly so far as the ACR gradings for the year 2019-2020 is

concerned, admittedly the same was communicated to the petitioner on

08.04.2021, just one day before the DPC met on 09.04.2021. The

petitioner was having 15 days’ time to make the representation against

the ACR grading for the year 2019-2020. Before the 15 days were over,

the DPC met on 09.04.2021 and considered the case of the petitioner for

promotion. The submission on behalf of the High Court that the other

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candidates who were also communicated the ACRs for the year 2019-

2020 on 08.04.2021 submitted their representations on 09.04.2021 and

therefore the petitioner also could have submitted the representation on

09.04.2021 like other candidates is concerned, it is neither here nor

there. The fact remains that the petitioner was having 15 days’ time from

08.04.2021 to make a representation. Therefore, either the DPC could

have been postponed or the ACR for the year 2019-2020 ought not to

have been considered and the same ought to have been treated as

uncommunicated ACR.

6.7 The sum and substance of the aforesaid discussion would be that

as the ACR Grading of “Good” for the year 2016-17 was not

communicated till the DPC met, the same is to be ignored and/ or be not

relied upon for consideration of promotion. Similarly, the grading for the

year 2019-2020 also is to be excluded and/or be not relied upon for

consideration for promotion as the same was communicated on

08.04.2021 and the petitioner was granted 15 days’ time to make

representation and before the representation could be made the DPC

met on 09.04.2021 and considered the case of the petitioner for

promotion.

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6.8 At this stage the averments made in para 23 of the counter on

behalf of the High Court deserves to be noted. In paragraph 23, it is

stated as under:

“23. That, as a matter of fact, the interviews for the post of

Assistant Registrar were conducted by two Hon'ble Judges of

the Manipur High Court on 09.04.2021. The gradings in the

ACRs and information with regard to such gradings was not

provided or made available to the Hon'ble Judges conducting

the interviews. As such, the viva voce or the Petitioner and all

other eligible candidates were not influenced and were

independent of the gradings in the ACRs of the eligible

candidates.”

Thus, according to the High Court, the grading in the ACRs and

information with respect to such grading was not provided and/or made

available to the Hon’ble Judges conducting the interviews. The

aforesaid is absolutely erroneous. As observed and held hereinabove

the ACR weightage was to be given of 80 marks and therefore the ACRs

gradings which carry a bigger portion of marks i.e., 80 marks out of 100

marks ought to have been taken into consideration by the High Court.

7. In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, the case of

the petitioner for promotion to the post of Assistant Registrar as on

09.04.2021 is required to be considered afresh ignoring the

uncommunicated ACRs for the years 2016-17 and 2019-20 and her case

is required to be considered afresh taking into consideration the ACRs

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for the years 2017-18 & 2018-19 for which the petitioner was having

“Very Good” gradings.

8. In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, present

petition is allowed. The DPC proceedings dated 09.04.2021 denying the

promotion to the petitioner for the post of Assistant Registrar are hereby

quashed and set aside. The case of the petitioner for promotion to the

post of Assistant Registrar as on 09.04.2021 i.e., the date on which the

juniors came to be promoted is directed to be considered afresh ignoring

the uncommunicated ACRs for the years 2016-17 and 2019-20 and

thereafter the DPC/competent authority to take a fresh decision in

accordance with law and taking into consideration the ACRs of

remaining years, i.e., 2017-18 and 2018-19. Such an exercise be

completed within a period of six weeks from today.

8.1 In case after fresh exercise as above the petitioner is promoted to

the post of Assistant Registrar, it goes without saying that she shall be

entitled to all the consequential benefits including the arrears, seniority

etc. w.e.f. 09.04.2021 - the day on which the juniors came to be

promoted.

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Present appeal is accordingly allowed to the aforesaid extent. In

the facts and circumstances of the case, there shall be no order as to

costs.

 …………………………………J.

 (M. R. SHAH)

…………………………………J.

 (C.T. RAVIKUMAR)

New Delhi,

February 24, 2023

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